###..ดูน้ำมันเครื่องอย่างไร..ว่าเป็นเนื้อคู่รถคุณ..อยากรู้..ต้องอ่าน..###

....??????͡???͹???ѹ????ͧ???????СѺ????ͧ¹?? ???л????? ?????????ҡ?? ?????Ҿ?ͧ????ͧ¹???ջѨ??µ?ҧ?㹡?????͡???ʹѧ???...
...1.??Ҥ???˹״ ????????ͧ????ѹ????ͧ
...2.?ô?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ
...3.?ҵðҹ?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ

...??Ҥ???˹״ Viscosity...
...?ͧ???Ƿء??Դ??ҧ???յ???÷??ᵡ??ҧ?ѹ ??ͤ?Ҥ???˹״ (Viscosity) ???ͤ?????ҹ?ҹ?????? ???յ???????????س????? ??????˹??¡???Ѵ ???к?????ԡ CST ૹ?ԡ??, ˹??? SUS, SSU ?Թҷ?????ŵ?,
????Ѵ????˹״?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ ?????????仵????ѡ?ҡ? ?֧???????ʶҺѹ?Ԩ?? ?Ѵ??Ҥ???˹״ ??з??͡?????ҵðҹ??????????¡?ͧʶҺѹ??ҧ? ??
...API - AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE
...SAE - SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS
...US - MILITARY CLASSIFICATION - ʶҺѹ?ҧ???âͧ???Ѱ????ԡ?
...ASTM - AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
...CCMC - COMITTEE OF COMMON MARKET CONSTRUCTION


....???????ѹ????ͧ (???? 0 ? 60)...
...????Ѵ??Ҥ???˹״???Ѵ?ѹ??? 100 ͧ???????? ?????͡???繤?Ҥ???˹״ ᷹????͡???繵???Ţ???¡??? ????ͧ????ѹ????ͧ (Number) ??????????ҵðҹ?ҡ?????͹?ѹ?????š ?ء?ʶҺѹ?֧??᷹??Ҥ???˹״ ?͡???繵???Ţ??ٻ?ͧ????ͧ????ѹ????ͧ ?? 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10 ??? 5 ??ҵ???Ţ????ҡ????դ???˹״?ҡ ????Ţ????????դ???˹״????????ӴѺ

....??? W ??????? ...
????ѹ????ͧ?ࢵ???ͧ˹?? ???ա???Ѵ??ҧ?͡??աẺ ??͡???Ѵ??????ҹ?ҹ?????? ???Ѵ??????س????Ե?ӡ??? 20 ͧ???????? ???ŧ?Ҩ??֧?ش???͡?秵???? 0 ͧ?? ???֧??ӡ??? ? 30 ͧ???????? ???յ???ѡ???к?????繵???ѡ?? W ???? WINTER ??
0W = ????ö????????????????ӡ??? ? 30 ͧ???????? ????????
5W = ????ö???????????????֧ ? 30 ͧ???????? ????????
10W= ????ö???????????????֧ ? 20 ͧ???????? ????????
15W= ????ö???????????????֧ ? 10 ͧ???????? ????????
20W= ????ö???????????????֧ 0 ͧ???????? ????????

...?ô?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ Single Grad & Multi Grad...
...????ѹ????ͧ㹻Ѩ?غѹ???͡?? 2 ?ô???¡ѹ???
...1. ????ѹ????ͧ?ô????? Single Grad ???? Mono Grad ??͹???ѹ????ͧ????դ?????Ҥ???˹״????????Ѻ੾???س?????˹????ҹ?? ??੾???س??????٧ ???س?????????????ŧ ????˹״?????????? ?Ѻ?ͧ??ʶҺѹ???Ǥ?? SAE ?蹹???ѹ????ͧ???? SAE 50 ???? SAE 40 ?Ѩ?غѹ?????Ҩ??ѧ?բ?????? ???ҫ?????????ҡ ????СѺ????ͧ¹???ͺ??? ????ͧ¹????????? ??л????ࢵ??͹

...2. ????ѹ????ͧ?ô??? Multi Grad ????ѹ????ͧ??ŵ??ô ?繹???ѹ????ͧ???????ö????¹?ŧ??Ҥ???˹״?? ????س??????٧ ???դ????? ???س????Ե??ŧ???ѧ????ö?????????????????? ???¡??????ժ?ǧ???????ԡ????ҹ?????ҧ??? ???????????????Ѻ??????͡??ء?س????? ??觨??к??? 2 ????Ţ ???ѡ?? W ?繵?Ǥ?蹡?ҧ?? SAE 20W50 ???? API 15W40 ?繵? ?Ѩ?غѹ????ѹ????ͧẺ?????Ẻ???????? ????բ??㹷?ͧ??Ҵ?????? ??????Ѻö??????? ??л?????ࢵ˹????? ????ѧ????ö??ҹ??ء??????ҡ??

...?ҵðҹ?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ ູ??? (S) & ???? (C)...
....????ѹ????ͧ?????Ѻö¹?? ?????͡?? 2 ?ҵðҹ ????ѡɳС??????????ԧ?ͧ????ͧ¹??????繪?Դ ?????չ ???? ????????????ԧ ????????ͧ¹?????ͧ??Դ ???ա???͡Ẻ???ᵡ??ҧ?ѹ ?ա??駡????????ͧ????ͧ??????ԧ ??ҧ???????? ?????õ???ҧ??ѧ??????????????????͹?ѹ ????ѹ????ͧ?֧??ͧ?????û?ا?? ???? Additive ???????????Ѻ????ͧ¹?????л????? ????ѭ?ѡɳ??á?˹??ҵðҹ??е?ҧ?ѹ ????????ʶҺѹ???繼???˹? ...

.....???ҧ?ҵðҹ API ???ж????ҹ???ѹ????ͧ????ҧ???㹺?ҹ??ҡ??? 80 ?????繵?????ҵðҹ API ??? ???ʴ?????ͧ??????ٻ?ͧǧ??? (ⴹѷ) ????ҧ??л?ͧ ?????ʴ?????ͧ?????????????ҧ?Ѵਹ....

....?ҵðҹ API
....????ѹ????ͧ????Ѻ????ͧ¹??ູ?Թ ?????ѡ?ù?˹????? S (Service Stations Classifications) ??????ҡ SA ???ҵðҹ????ѹ????ͧ????????????á? ???????Ѳ????л?Ѻ????¹?ҵðҹ????٧?ҡ??鹵??෤?????訹?Ѩ?غѹ SM ?????????ҵðҹ?٧?ش
....????ѹ????ͧ????Ѻ????ͧ¹????? ?????ѡ?ù?˹????? C (COMMERCIAL SERVICE-COMPRESSION IGNITION) ??????ҡ?ҵðҹ CA ? CB ??㹻Ѩ?غѹ?ҵðҹ?٧?ش?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ????Ѻ????ͧ¹????Ť?? CI-4
??ǹ?Ţ 4 ?????¶֧?Ѻ??????ͧ¹??Ẻ 4 ?ѧ???

....?ѧ??鹡???ʴ?????ҵðҹ??ҧ??л?ͧ ???ա???кؤ?Ң?鹵鹴??? ˹??§ҹ?Ѻ?ͧ?ҵðҹ ?? API ???ǵ?????´??? ?ѡ?ä???ҵðҹ ?蹶???繹???ѹ????ͧ???????СѺ????ͧ¹??ູ??? ?ѡ?ù?˹?Ҩ??繵?? S? ???ǵ????????Ҷ?ҹ????Ѻ????ͧ¹????Ũ??դ???ҵðҹ?? C? ?繵? ?ѡ??㴢?鹡?͹ ???????繹???ѹ????ͧ???????СѺ????ͧ¹????????ԧ???....
...????ѹ????ͧ???Ъ?鹤س?Ҿ?ж١?Ѳ???????????????Ѻ????ͧ¹????????? ?ѧ???仹??...

API ູ?Թ ????ͧ¹?? ?? ?.?. API ???? ????ͧ¹?? ?? ?.?.
SA ??Ѻ????ͧ¹????????
?Ѩ?غѹ??ԡ?????? CA ??Ѻ????ͧ¹????????
?Ѩ?غѹ??ԡ??????
SB CB
SC 2507 ? 2510 ???????ͧ¹?????ɵúҧ??? CC
?ѧ??Ѻ????ͧ¹?????ɵúҧ???
SD 2511 ? 2513 CD ??Ѻ????ͧ¹??Դ????⺪??? ???ͧҹ˹ѡ?? ??й????Ѻ ????ѹ???š??жѹ?٧
SE 2514 ? 2522
??þѲ??????ͧ¹??????բ?Ҵ???ŧ ???ѧ?Ѵ ?????????ͺ ????س??????٧??? CE 2526
?????Ŵ?ѵ?ҡ????????ͧ????ѹ????ͧ
SF 2523 ? 2531 CF-4 2533
??Ѻ????ͧ¹???ͺ?Ѵ ??? ??????鹡?û????Ѵ??????ԧ
SG 2532 ? 2536
??????鹡?û????Ѵ??????ԧ CF 2537
??Ѻ????ͧ¹?? INDIRECT INJECTION ??й???ѹ???ŷ???ա??жѹ?٧
SH 2537 ? 2539 CG-4 2537
??Ѻ????ͧ¹???ͺ?Ѵ ?ҹ˹ѡ ?????????ͺ?٧ ????ѹ???š??жѹ???
SJ 2540 ? 2544 CH-4 2541
??Ѻ????ͧ¹???ͺ?Ѵ ?ҹ˹ѡ ?????????ͺ?٧??? ????????ѹ???ŷ???? ???жѹ??? ( ?Ѩ?غѹ??˹?????٧???? 0.05 %)
SL
??鹤س?Ҿ?٧?ش????Ѻ????ͧ¹?? ູ?Թ???????
??С????????? 1 ?.?. 2544 CI-4 ??鹤س?Ҿ?٧?ش????Ѻ????ͧ¹????? ??????? ????ҹ?ҵðҹ?ž?ɷ??????Ǵ???
??С????????? 5 ?.?. 2545

....???Ҩ??????ҵðҹ?ҵ?ͧ?Ѵ???áѹ??ҧ...
..1.??Ҥ?????ǧ????? (Specific Gravity @ 60o/60oF) ?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ??????????? ?Ѻ????ѹ????ͧ??͹??
..2.??Ҥ???˹״ Viscosity Kinematic @ 40oC, cSt. ??? Viscosity Kinematic @ 100oC, cSt. ?繡???Ѵ??Ҥ???˹״??????鹷?? 40 ͧ???????? ???֧?س????? 100 ͧ???????? ??º????͡????? Number ????????ͧ????ѹ????ͧ??ҧ?
..3.??ҴѪ?դ???˹״ (Viscosity Index - VI) ?·??ͺ????????????????Ѫ?դ???˹״ ?ѧ??????????ö????????ѹ????ͧ?դ???˹״?ҡ??? ???ͤ???˹״????ŧ??????س??????٧??? ???º??º????ѹ????ͧ??͹??ҹ ?????ѧ??ҹ
..4.?ش?Һ? (Flash Point ) ????ѹ????ͧ??ͧ????Ҿ ???????????? ????ء?Դ信?͹????س????ԡ?˹? ???????? 160 -320 ͧ???????? ???????Ѻ???????ʢͧ????ѹ????ͧ ????ѹ????ͧ?????? ???ըش?Һ? ???????¡??????? ????س????Ե?? ???˵ط?????ѹ????ͧ????µ?????? ?ش?Һ??ѧ???????Ѻ?ҹ??ü?Ե ?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ??鹰ҹ????
..5.????ҳ??? (Water Content) 㹹???ѹ????ͧ????仨??չ?Ӽ?????? ?繵?ǡ?á??????Դ ??÷ӻ?ԡ????ҡѺ ??û?ͧ?ѹ????֡??? (ZDDP) ?ӻ?ԡ????ҡ??????????? ???Ấ?????? ????????˹״?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ????¹?ŧ?ͧ?? ?ҵðҹ??ӷ??л??????ͧ????Թ?????? 0.2
..6.??Ҥ????繴?ҧ (Total Base Number - TBN) 㹹???ѹ????ͧ?????仨??դ???繡ô??????硹??? ??????????ҹ???Դ??ԡ??????????ǡѺ?͡??ਹ (Oxidation) ?????繡ô??????? ??Сô???դ????ѹ???µ?ͪ????ǹ?ͧ???? ?ѧ??????????????س?Ҿ ?֧?????ѡɳ??繴?ҧ ??????????ҹ???? ????ҳ?????繴?ҧ??Ŵŧ ?繼??µç?Ѻ???ء????ҹ?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ ???¡??Ҥ?? TBN (Total Base Number)
..7.????ҳ?ҡ?????????ྐྵ෹ (n - Pentane Insoluble) ??ͤ?ҡ???????ǡѺ?͡??ਹ ??觨з?????Դ??Һ?ҧ?˹??? ????˹״?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ??????? ??觢??????Ѻ????????س???ѵԢͧ????ѹ????ͧ....

...??͸Ժ??..?????ҹ??ҡ??ҧ??л?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ..
...Fully Synthetic = ????ѹ????ͧ?ѧ??????Ẻ??????...
...PREMIUM GRADE SEMI ? Synthetic = ?繹???ѹ????ͧẺ????ѧ?????? ?ô????????...
...FOR NGV, LPG & GASOLINE = ????Ѻ????ͧ¹?? Ẻ????? NGV ???? LPG ???????ͧ¹??ູ??ŷ????...

...SAE 5W-30 = ?ҵðҹ???????? ?Ѻ?ͧ??ʶҺѹ SAE ???? 30 ??ҵ?ҹ?ҹ??????? 5W ???? ? 30 ͧ????????...
...SAE 10W-40 = ?ҵðҹ???????ʨҡʶҺѹ SAE ???? 40 ??ҵ?ҹ?ҹ??????䢷?? 10W ???? -20 ͧ????????...

...API SM/CF = ????ҵðҹ?Ѻ?ͧ??ʶҺѹ API 㹡????Ѻ????ͧ¹??ູ??? ??дѺ SM ??ǹ?????Ѻ????ͧ¹???????дѺ CF ??ҹ??...

....???ء????ҹ?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ...
...????ѹ????ͧ????Ͷ١??ҹ??????????????س?Ҿŧ??????? ???ͧ?ҡ????????ͧ?ô ???????ҷ???´?ҧ㹹???ѹ????ͧ ????????ͧ??? ??ûл??Ѻ??蹼????????ʹ?Ҩҡ????ͧ?ҡ?? ??Һ????㹡???????? ?????????Шҡ????֡??ͧ͢????ͧ¹?? ?ѧ??鹹???ѹ????ͧ?֧??ͧ???Ѻ???????¹???? ??͹???س???ѵ?㹡????????? ??Фس???ѵ???蹨?????????Ҿ ???ͻ?ͧ?ѹ?ѹ???·???Դ?Ѻ????ͧ¹?? ????¤س???ѵ? ??Ъ?Դ?ͧ????ѹ????ͧ???ᵡ??ҧ?ѹ...

...????ѹ????ͧ???????????????????????...
????ѹ????ͧ??ǹ?ҡ???ѵ?شԺ ?Ҩҡ????ѹ????????Ҩҡ?????ҵ? ??????????????س???ѵԵ?ҧ? ???????ö?ٴ?????? ????ѹ????ͧ????è?????????͹?ҧ??? ????ѧ??????Դ?? ???????ء?ä???Ҿ?????? 1- 3 ?? ??ǹ????ѹ????ͧ????Դ?????? ???????ء????ҹ??????ѡ??͹ ??? 2 ? 6 ??͹ ??ǹ????ѹ????ͧ????Դ?? ?????????Դ?Ҩж???????ҹ?????

...?ѧࡵ???ҧ????ҹ???ѹ????ͧ???????????????????Ҿ...
???????¹???¹???ѹ????ͧ?ء???駵?ͧ?ա?è??ѹ?֡ ?ѹ??? ??͹ ?? ????Ţ??????????? ?????·ء???? ???????繡?äӹdz??˹????????¹???? ??????ͧ?ѧ????ö?ѧࡵ??ó?ӧҹ???????¹仢ͧ ??????????蹹???ѹ????ͧ????????????????Ҿ????
...1 ???§????ͧ¹??ѧ???
...2. ?ѵ????????ŧ ?״ŧ???ҧ??????ͧ
...3. ?Թ????ѹ??????ԧ?ҡ???
...4. ?բͧ????ѹ????ͧ????¹?
...5. ????ѹ????ͧ???ѡɳТ鹢?? ?????ʢ??

??˹????????¹???¢ͧ????ѹ????ͧ????ʹ???

????ѹ????ͧ?????? ?ô SA ? SC / CA ? CE
...???ա?˹????????¹???·?? 3,000 ???????? ??????Թ 5,000 ????????...

????ѹ????ͧ????ѧ?????? ?ô SG ? SM / CF4 ? CG4
...???ա?˹????????¹???·?? 5,000 ???????? ?֧ 1,0000 ???????? ??????Թ 15,000 ????????
????ѹ????ͧ?????? ??С???ѧ?????? + ??????͹???ѹ????ͧ?ô?٧
????ѹ????ͧ???????????? ?Ҩ?դ???٧?????ҵðҹ ???ع???ѹ????ͧ???????ҡ 5,000 ???????? ???繡??? 10,000 ???????? ???Ͷ???繡???ѧ??????????????ء??????¹???? ??? 10,000 ???????? ??????? 20,000 ???????? ????????آͧ????ͧ ?֧?դ??????¡??????¹???·?? 10,000 ? 15,000 ????????...

????ѹ????ͧ?ѧ?????? ?ô SJ - SM / CH4 - CI4
...??ԧ???ǹ???ѹ????ͧ?ѧ????????????ء????ҹ??ǹҹ?Ѻ?ʹ???????? ?????ء????ҹ?ͧ????ͧ????ѹ????ͧẺ?ҵðҹ?????? ??????????? 15,000 ???????? ?֧ 20,000 ???????? ?֧??????˹????????¹???¹???ѹ????ͧẺ?ѧ?????????????? 10,000 ???????? ?֧ 20,000 ????????...

???????¡?˹????????¹???¢ͧ????ѹ????ͧ ?Ҩ??ͧ?ա??????¹?ŧ??????ǡ??ҡ?˹? ?????Ҿ?????ҹ?ѧ???
...1.?Ѻö??¹????дѺ????٧ ????Ҩ?Ҵ??Ҩ??չ?ӻл???????????ͧ¹????
...2.??ҹ?????????ء???ѹ ö¹??㹷????㹷ҧ??? ?????繻?Ш?
...3.?˹?ҽ? ????ͧ??ö?Ѻ?????½??????繻?Ш? ???͢Ѻö??¹?ӷ????????繻?Ш?
...4.????ͧ¹?????? ????ա??????¢ͧ????ѹ????ͧ?٧ ?????????????ʹ????һл??????ҡ
...5.????ͧ¹???ͺ?Ѵ ????ͧ??ҹ?ͺ?Ѵ???????? ??????͹?٧ ??е?ͧ??????????ǹ?֡??͹??·???ش
...6.????ͧ¹????Դ??駡?ͧ????? ???Ҵ??Ҩн?蹼??л???????????ͧ¹?????ҡ???һ???
...7.????ͧ¹?????ͧ??ä????????٧?ش ???ҧ?ǡö?? ??觵?ͧ????????? ?س???ѵԢͧ????ѹ????ͧ??ͧ???Ŵŧ??????????繵?????

 

ความรู้อีก....แย้ว
ช้อบชอบ...คริๆคริๆ

 

ละเอียดดีมากเลยครับ ขอบคุณครับ

 

แบบนี้ที่บอกว่าบ้านเราเมืองร้อนใช้น้ำมันเบอร์ ต่ำ อย่าง 5w-30 , 0w-40 แบบนี้ไม่ดี
ก็ไม่จริง ใช่ป่าวคับ

 

สมัยก่อนย้อนไปสัก..20-25..ปีที่แล้ว....บ้านเราจะมีแต่..น้ำมันเครื่องเกรดเดียว (Single Grad) ..คือ 40w...หรือ ...50w..ซึ่งก็สามารถ...ใช้งานเครื่องยนต์กันมา 200,000-400,000 กม.ได้
....ซึ่งขณะนั้นต่างประเทศ..(อเมริกา..ญี่ปุ่น)..มีน้ำมันกึ่งสังเคราะห์ใช้แล้ว...(เนื่องจากสภาพภูมิอากาศหนาว)...
....ย้อนไปสมัยอเมริกา...แพ้สงคราม..ของกองทัพ...ฮิตเลอร์...เพราะอะไร....โฟล์คสวาเกน....ใครไม่รู้จัก..รถยนต์ยี่ห้อนี้ในสมัยนั้น...ถือว่าตกยุก....ฮิตเลอร์...สั่งให้วิศวกร..สมัยนั้นออกแบบรถยนต์ที่ไม่ใช้ระบบระบายความร้อนด้วยน้ำ...และใช้น้ำมันเครื่องที่มีค่าความเป็นไขต่ำ....ต่างกับอเมริการที่ใช้รถ.และเครื่องบินที่มีหม้อน้ำ...เจอสภาวะอากาศ..-10~-20 องศาเซลเซียสเข้าไป...เดี้ยง....เครื่องยนต์แข็งตายหมด...นั่นคือที่มาของการแพ้สงครามครั้งแรก.....

.....ส่วนในบ้านเรานั้น....สำหรับผม...SAE 20W-50 น่าจะลงตัวที่สุด....เพราะว่าโลกมันร้อนขึ้นทุกวัน...

 

สุดยอด . . . ความรู้ใหม่ๆ